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US BUILDING UP OF INDO PACIFIC NATO TO COUNTER CHINA

Quad

US BUILDING UP OF INDO PACIFIC NATO TO COUNTER CHINA

On August 31,in the framework of the ongoing summit of the US-India Strategic Partnership Forum, the US Deputy Secretary pf State Stephen Biegun said in an online discussion that the US is working to strengthen closer defence ties with countries of the India-Pacific region, India, Japan and Australia, to build up Indo- Pacific Alliance modeled on the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) with an aim to counter China

Stepehn Biegen is a necons, he’s the number 2 official in the US state department, an American businessman, fluent Russian-speaking diplomat former staffer on the National Security Council in the George W Bush administration and the US special Representative for North Korea in the Trump administration.

Washington’s aim is to create in the Indo-Pacific region a strong multilateral structures, ultimately to align in a more structured manner, similar to those of NATO. The Donald Trump administration’s Indo-Pacific Strategy is the role played by the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue, or “Quad,” comprised of Australia, India, Japan, and the United States. Since the Quad’s resurrection from a decade-long hiatus in November 2017, the group has met five times and has emphasized maintaining the liberal rules-based international order, which China seeks to undermine or overturn. Washington’s aim is to get the Quad grouping of four countries to work together as a bulwark against a potential challenge from China and to create a critical mass around the shared values and interests.

It is expected that the Quad grouping will meet in New Delhi this autumn with Australia’s possible participation in India’s forthcoming Malabar naval exercise as an example of progress towards a formal defence bloc.

The US wants to see Vietnam, South Korea and New Zealand to eventually join an expanded version of the ‘Quad’ to form an alliance grouping the seven nations working together in order to safeguard their common and shared interests in the Inod Pacific region.

The ongoing standoff with China provides a pretext for the Modi government to unveil its real agenda, the timing alibi to align the Indian foreign policy establishment to openly transform the Quad into a Indo Pacific NATO.

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Slavery and Imperialism

Slavery imperialism

 SLAVERY AND IMPERIALISM

Slavery was and still today remains an institution and a global system, albeit under disguised forms, of the first importance. Seen in historical perspective, it was a part of the western imperialism since the discovery of the “new World” and its rise and development till now. In other word, Slavery seems to be unthinkable without imperialism and conversely, the history of imperialism that shaped the modern world order had largely contributed to the rise and the development of the slavery system since the sixteenth century. Albeit this is not the appropriate place to deal with this topic, we can say without making a mistake, that capitalism also like slavery is unthinkable without imperialism that contributed to its rise and its development.

So, the history of slavery beginning with imperialism could not be separate from the history of western imperialism or more precisely of western imperialism rivalries both inside and outside the European continent. The history of western imperialism and therefore the history of European imperialist rivalries in and outside Europe began in the late of the fifteenth century with the famous treaty of Tordisillas which can be considered as the first treaty dividing the world between the two main powers at that time, Portugal and Spain. Thanks to this division, Spain had the first and vast empire ruled by the Spanish king Charles V with had far-flung possessions from Spain to the Andes from Austria to Peru from Lombardy to the Philippines from the Low Countries to Mexico (New Spain. In order to rule at distance through a huge royal bureaucracy and armies their “universal monarchy” and to defend it agaisnt their domestic and foreign enemies, Hapsburgs monarchs counted drawing their source of power, that is, the silver and the golf by exploiting their vast empire in New World colonies.

The first captive African slave had been  in the New world by Portuguese traders who sold them to Spanish colonists. Captive Africans were supplied in order to replace Indigenous slaves on plantation and in the silver mines in the Spanish Caribbean. From the 1520s the Spanish royal authorities authorized the introduction of African slaves into the Spanish colonies in Latin America to supply the deficiency of Indian slavery in the New world. Habsburgs Empire headed by the Spanish king Charles V.

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